1. 研究目的与意义(文献综述包含参考文献)
1.Introduction1.1ResearchbackgroundGeneralSecretaryXiJinpingemphasizedinthe30thcollectivestudyofthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommittee:"WemustbetterpromoteChineseculturetogoglobalbythewayofusingtexttoconveyvoiceandmakefriends;wecanrecommendtotheworldanexcellentculturethatembodiesChinesespiritandcontainsChinesewisdom."Toshowareal,three-dimensionalandcomprehensiveChinatotheworld,thekeyisinnovativecommunicationpaths.Thisrequiresustointegrateinternalandexternalforces,givefullplaytocharacteristicsandadvantages,andcontinuouslyimprovetheinternationalcommunicationcapabilitiesofChineseculture.And,moreandmorepeopleusedocumentaryasamediumtomakeculturegoglobal.Documentaryisafilmoraradioortelevisionprogrammegivingfactsaboutsomething.Thecoreofdocumentaryisreality.Nowadays,becauseofitsparticularadvantagesandcharacteristics,moreandmorepeoplechoosetowatchdocumentariestokilltheirfreetime.Atthesametime,ithasbecomeapopularwayofknowledgeacquisition,whichisfrequentlyrecommendedbyteachersasmaterialsofsecondlanguagelearning,followingTVplaysandfilms.Thenumberofresearchesonthesubtitletranslationofdocumentariesisrelativelysmall.Atthesametime,eventhemostofresearchesstilluseolddocumentariestostudysubtitletranslationbasedonmultimodaldiscourseanalysistheoryfromfouraspects,includingcultureaspects,contextaspects,contentaspectsandexpressionaspects.Therefore,inordertofullyunderstandthemeaningofmultimodaldiscourseanalysis,weshouldtakelinguisticmodeandothersymbolicmodesintoconsideration.Withtherapidadvancementofmultimediatechnology,multimodaldiscourseanalysishasgraduallybecomeoneofthelinguisticresearchhotspotsanditintegratesthemodalitiesofotherfieldssuchasimages,sounds,colorsandsooninordertojointlypresentthecompletemeaningofthework.Documentaryssubtitletranslationisdifferentfromtraditionalpapertexts.Itisnotonlyasimpletextconversion,butalsoinvolvescomplexfactorsofthetransformationofsourcelanguageandtargetlanguageculture.FeelofChinaisadocumentarywithbilingualsubtitletranslation.ItaimstospreadChineseexcellentculture,selectculturalsymbolswithuniquecharacteristics,sothatinternationalaudiencescanunderstandamorerealChina.Therearemanyrichandcolorfulcontents,suchasChinesesolarterms,traditionalfestivals,touristattractions,delicaciesandsoon.1.2ResearchpurposesTherearefewresearchesondocumentariestranslatedfromChinesetoEnglish.Inthisthesis,thesubtitletranslationanalysisofFeelofChinaprovidesanexamplefortheoutputofChineseculture.BecausethesubtitletranslationundertheguidanceofmultimodalanalysisnotonlyvividlyshowsChineseculturetothetargetaudience,butalsostimulatestheinterestofwesternaudiencesinChineseculture,whichprovidesagoodinspirationforcreatingacolorfulculturalcardinChina.2.LiteraturereviewNow,multimodaldiscourseanalysisisarecentsubdivisionofdiscourseanalysisinlinguistics.Languagehasthreefunctions(ideationalfunction,interpersonalfunctionandtextualfunction)ofsystemfunctionallinguisticsandthreemeanings(interactivemeaning,representativemeaningandcompositionalmeaning)invisualgrammartheory(KressandVanLeeuwen,2006).Thisnewapproachofmultimodaldiscourseanalysisisbecomingmoreandmorepopularamonglinguists.Multimodaldiscourseanalysisisanewbranchofdiscourseanalysis.Nowadays,theresearchonmultimodaldiscourseanalysishasdevelopedquicklyinthewesterncountriesandinChina,mostlyintwoaspects:thecomplementarybetweendifferentmodesandthecombinationofvariousmodesinthemultimodaldiscourse.Meanwhile,dimensionshavebeenbroadened.Inwesterncountries,therearetwoschoolsinthefieldofmultimodaldiscourseanalysis.Onefocusesonitstheoryitself,andtheotherfocusesonitsapplication.OToole(1994)enlargestheresearchscopefromlanguagetovisualmodesinLanguageofDisplayedArt,andproposestheconceptofvisualgrammar.Besides,healsoappliesHallidayssystemic-functionaltheorytolanguageskillsinordertomastersounds,wordsandimagesaswellasthevarietyofinterrelatedsystemsandstructures.KressandVanLeeuwen(2006)inReadingImages:TheGrammarofVisualDesignintroduceamultimodalanalysisofsocialsemiotics.Forexample,oneoftheirviewisthatmultimodalanalysisofsocialresearchesisbasedonsystemicfunctionalgrammar,involvingcolorgrammar,visualimagesandthefunctionofvariousmedia,explainingtherelationshipbetweenmodalityandmediaanddiscussinghowtoexpressmeaninginmultimodaldiscourse.Forceville(2009)focusesonhowtorepresentmultiplepatternsinthepictorialmetaphorinadvertising,andhowtointroducepeopletochoosedifferentpatternsandcombinationforcoherentcommunication.Ventola(2004)inMultimodalityinOperationshowsanyiteminamuseumcouldbeusedtostudythepotentialrelationshipsinmultimodality,andthatdifferentmodeshavedifferentcharacteristicsintermsofsymbolicproperties,semanticpotentialandcognitiveorientation.VanLeeuwen(2005)expressestheideathatpracticalexercisesandexamplesprovidereaderswiththeknowledgeandskillstobeabletoanalyzeandalsoproducesuccessfulmultimodaltextsanddesigns.BaldryandThibault(2006)examsmultimodaltranscriptionandtextanalysisofdifferentkindsincludingwebpage,film,advertisementsandsoon.Jaipal(2010)proposeshowtousemultimodaldiscourseanalysisintheapplicationofteachingofscience.Toh(2015)exploresabrandnewareainmultimodaldiscourseanalysisbyconsideringvideogamesastheresearchresources.MultimodaldiscourseanalysisinChinabeganintheearly21stcentury.ItwasintroducedintoChinain2003andhasdevelopedrapidlyeversince.ZhangDelu(2009)establishesthetheoreticalstructureofmultimodaldiscourseanalysisandexploitsthelinkamongthemodes,havingasignificantimpactonthedevelopmentofdiscourseanalysisinChina.WeiQinhongsresearchinMultimodalandMultimodalDiscourseinVisualEnvironment(2009),analyzesmultimodaldiscoursefrommanyaspectsandviews.Firstlyitintroducesthesocialbackgroundoftheappearanceofmultimodaldiscourse,andstatesthetheoreticalbasisofitsresearch,whichisextensivelyappliedtocommercialadvertisements.Thestudyexplorestherelativemeaningsoflanguage,wordsandimagesinthefieldofadvertisements.ZhangDEluandWangLu(2010)furtherexploresthesynergyofmultimodaldiscoursemodesandtheiradhibitioninsecondforeignlanguageteaching.FengDezheng(2015)commentsonthestatusquoandfutureofmultimodalresearchinthereviewofthe7thInternationalMultimodalConference.Jiang(2012)showsthatframingistheconnectionanddisconnectionbetweendifferentelementsintheimage.Throughthisframingpeoplecouldinferwhetherornottheybelongedtoeachothertosomeextent.Adocumentaryisakindofartthatdepictsobtaintruethoughtsbyusingnon-fictionalartistictechniques.Linguistsstudydocumentariesindiscourseanalysis,translationandpragmatics.YanJingbeiandChenZijuan(2014)analyzesdynamicdocumentarieswhicharebaseduponmultimodaldiscourseanalysistheory.XuFei(2014)studiesthesubtitletranslationofdocumentaries.GengJingbeiandChenZijuan(2014)findthatindynamicmultimodaldiscourseanalysisappropriatemodesareneededtobechoseninaccordancewiththecommunicativegoals.Thisstudynotonlyshowsthatthestructureofdynamicdiscourseindocumentariescannotbesplitfromdiscoursecontext,butalsofindsthreedifferentexpressivesymbolschosenbydocumentarysmultimodaldiscourse:realisticsymbols,historicalsymbolsandvirtualsymbols,inordertorealizedifferentcommunicativegoals.Thusdocumentarycanrealizedifferentcommunicativegoalstowardsdifferenttargetaudiences.ReferencesBaldry,A.,Thibault,P.J.(2006).MultimodalTranscriptionandTextAnalysis:AMultimediaToolkitandCoursebook.London:Equinox.Forceville,C.(2009).PictorialMetaphorinAdvertisements.MetaphorSymbol,9(1),1-29.Jaipal,K.(2010).MeaningMakingthroughMultipleModalitiesinABiologyClassroom:AMultimodalSemioticsDiscourseAnalysis.ScienceEducation,94(1),48-72.Kress,G.R.,VanLeeuwen,T.(2006).ReadingImages:TheGrammarofVisualDesign.London:Routledge.OToole,L.M.(1994).TheLanguageofDisplayedArt.London:LeicesterUniversityPress.VanLeeuwen,T.(2005).IntroducingSocialSemiotics.London:Routledge.Ventola,E.,Charles,C.,第七届国际多模态会议评述,《上海外国语大学学报》,38(4):106-111。
耿敬北、陈子娟(2014),文献纪录片的多模态动态语篇分析以《指点江山:毛泽东诗词故事》之《沁园春长沙》为例,《西安外国语大学学报》,22(4):24-28。
江浩(2012),电影《花样年华》的多模态话语分析,硕士学位论文。
2. 研究的基本内容、问题解决措施及方案
1. How are the three metafunctions (interpersonal function, textual function, ideationalfunction) applied in Feel of China ?2. How are the three meanings (representational meaning, interactive meaning,compositional meaning) applied in Feel of China?3. What is the multimodal discourse analysis?4. What is the relationship between modes in this documentary?5. What do the director want to express in the documentary Feel of China?
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